Neuronal Tracing Tool Services

Various synapses connect neurons in the brain, resulting in the complex activities of the brain. To gain a deeper understanding of the function of the brain, it became necessary to develop the technology to dissect the brain circuits. Currently, conventional tracers and recombinant viral vectors are used to study brain circuits. Tracers such as CTB, HRP, PHA-L, BDAs, and so on, have some disadvantages, including the following:
1) It is not possible to achieve cell specificity.
2) The efficiency of the system is not stable.
3) A circuit involving multiple steps of synaptic connections can not be realized.

Genetically engineered recombinant viral vectors have, however, proven to be powerful tools for visualizing neural connectivity due to their ability to enter cells and deliver a variety of genes efficiently. The commonly used neurotropic virus, such as HSV ( Herpes simplex virus type 1), VSV (Vesicular stomatitis virus), PRV (pseudorabies virus), and RABV (rabies virus) can cross synapse from one cell to another if we provide the protein that used for replicate. Additionally, SFVs (which mark the fine morphology of in-situ neurons), as well as AAVs (used as helper viruses to express exogenous genes or as monosynaptic tracers), can also be used.

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● Fast and high efficiency
● Strong background in a neuronal tracing tool
● Hypotoxicity and strong signal
● The most competitive price

We offer AAV, VSV, PRV, and RABV, and HSV services to promote neuronal tracing studies.

Table 1 Recombinant viral vectors commonly used in neural circuit tracing

Type			Virus name	Classification	Genomic type
Non- transsynaptic			Adeno-associated virus, AAV	Parvoviridae	Single-stranded DNA
			Canine adenovirus, CAV	Adenovirus	Double-stranded DNA
			Semliki Forest virus, SFV	Togaviridae	+ Single-stranded RNA
			Rabies virus (Glycoprotein G-deleted), RV-∆G	Rhabdoviridae	-Single-stranded RNA
			Herpes simplex virus amplicon, HSV amplicon	Herpesviridae	Double-stranded DNA
Trans-synaptic	Trans multisynaptic	Anterograde, multisynaptic	Herpes simplex virus, HSV H129	Herpesviridae	Double-stranded DNA
		Anterograde, multisynaptic	Vesicular stomatitis virus, VSV	Rhabdoviridae	-Single-stranded RNA
		Retrograde, multisynaptic	Pseudorabies virus, PRV	Herpesviridae	Double-stranded RNA
		Retrograde, multisynaptic	Rabies virus, RV WT	Rhabdoviridae	-Single-stranded RNA
	Trans-monosynaptic	Anterograde, monosynaptic	Herpes simplex virus (TK-deleted), HSV-∆TK	Herpesviridae	Double-stranded DNA
		Anterograde, monosynaptic	Adeno-associated virus, serotype 1, AAV1	Parvoviridae	Single-stranded DNA
		Retrograde, monosynaptic	Rabies virus, RV-∆G-EnvA	Rhabdoviridae	-Single-stranded RNA
		Retrograde, monosynaptic	Pseudorabies virus (TK-deleted), PRV-∆TK	Herpesviridae	Double-stranded RNA

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Neuronal Tracing Tools

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Neuronal Tracing Tool Services

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