EC 2.7.11.1; Gamma-PAK; P21-activated kinase 2; PAK 2; PAK-2
Categories
Primary Antibodies
Clonality
polyclonal
Description
Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, or cell cycle regulation. Plays a role in dendrite spine morphogenesis as well as synapse formation and plasticity. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration. Additionally, phosphorylates TNNI3/troponin I to modulate calcium sensitivity and relaxation kinetics of thin myofilaments. May also be involved in early neuronal development.Bernadett Boda, J. Neurosci., Dec 2004; 24: 10816 - 10825. Donna L. McPhie, J. Neurosci., Jul 2003; 23: 6914. Jin-Hun Jung, J. Biol. Chem., Dec 2005; 280: 40025 - 40031. Guo-Lei Zhou, Mol. Cell. Biol., Nov 2003; 23: 8058 - 8069.
Host
Rabbit
Immunogen
Synthesized non-phosphopeptide derived from Human PAK1/2/3 around the phosphorylation site of threonine 423/402/421 (R-S-T(p)-M-V).
Raised In
Rabbit
Reactivity
Human, Mouse, Rat
Regulatory
RUO
Relevance
Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, or cell cycle regulation. Plays a role in dendrite spine morphogenesis as well as synapse formation and plasticity. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration. Additionally, phosphorylates TNNI3/troponin I to modulate calcium sensitivity and relaxation kinetics of thin myofilaments. May also be involved in early neuronal development.
Bernadett Boda, J. Neurosci., Dec 2004; 24: 10816 - 10825. Donna L. McPhie, J. Neurosci., Jul 2003; 23: 6914. Jin-Hun Jung, J. Biol. Chem., Dec 2005; 280: 40025 - 40031. Guo-Lei Zhou, Mol. Cell. Biol., Nov 2003; 23: 8058 - 8069.
Species
Homo Sapiens (Human)
Specificity
The antibody detects endogenous levels of total PAK1/2/3 protein.
Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in