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Home / Primary Antibodies / IHC Antibodies

MTOR (Ab-2481) Antibody

SKU : BHA10557504

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CUSABIO TECHONOLOGY LLC

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Mfr.No.	CSB-PA054657
Alternative Names	FRAP; FRAP1; FRAP2; RAFT1; Rapamycin target protein
Categories	Primary Antibodies
Clonality	polyclonal
Description	Kinase subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulate cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino-acids. Amino-acid-signaling to mTORC1 is mediated by Rag GTPases, which cause amino-acid-induced relocalization of mTOR within the endomembrane system. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1-TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. mTORC1 phosphorylates EIF4EBP1 and releases it from inhibiting the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). mTORC1 phosphorylates and activates S6K1 at 'Thr-421', which then promotes protein synthesis by phosphorylating PDCD4 and targeting it for degradation. mTORC2 is also activated by growth factors, but seems to be nutrient-insensitive. mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 'Ser-473' phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'. mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA on 'Ser-657'.Sabers, C.J. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 815-822.Brown, E.J. et al. (1994) Nature 369, 756-758.Dennis, P.B. et al. (2001) Science 294, 1102-1105.Sabatini, D.M. et al. (1994) Cell 78, 35-43.
Host	Rabbit
Immunogen	Peptide sequence around aa.2479~2483 (I-H-S-F-I) derived from Human mTOR.
Involvement In Disease	Smith-Kingsmore syndrome (SKS); Focal cortical dysplasia 2 (FCORD2)
Raised In	Rabbit
Reactivity	Human, Mouse, Rat
Regulatory	RUO
Relevance	Kinase subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulate cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino-acids. Amino-acid-signaling to mTORC1 is mediated by Rag GTPases, which cause amino-acid-induced relocalization of mTOR within the endomembrane system. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1-TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. mTORC1 phosphorylates EIF4EBP1 and releases it from inhibiting the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). mTORC1 phosphorylates and activates S6K1 at 'Thr-421', which then promotes protein synthesis by phosphorylating PDCD4 and targeting it for degradation. mTORC2 is also activated by growth factors, but seems to be nutrient-insensitive. mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 'Ser-473' phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'. mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA on 'Ser-657'. Sabers, C.J. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 815-822. Brown, E.J. et al. (1994) Nature 369, 756-758. Dennis, P.B. et al. (2001) Science 294, 1102-1105. Sabatini, D.M. et al. (1994) Cell 78, 35-43.
Species	Homo Sapiens (Human)
Specificity	The antibody detects endogenous level of total mTOR protein.
Subcellular Location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane, Peripheral membrane protein, Cytoplasmic side, Golgi apparatus membrane, Peripheral membrane protein, Cytoplasmic side, Mitochondrion outer membrane, Peripheral membrane protein, Cytoplasmic side, Lysosome, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, PML body, Microsome membrane

Uniprot	P42345
Gene Id	2475
Database Links	HGNC:3942 OMIM:601231 KEGG:hsa:2475 STRING:9606.ENSP00000354558 UniGene:Hs.338207
Function	Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. This includes phosphorylation of EIF4EBP1 and release of its inhibition toward the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). Moreover, phosphorylates and activates RPS6KB1 and RPS6KB2 that promote protein synthesis by modulating the activity of their downstream targets including ribosomal protein S6, eukaryotic translation initiation factor EIF4B, and the inhibitor of translation initiation PDCD4. Stimulates the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, both by acute regulation through RPS6KB1-mediated phosphorylation of the biosynthetic enzyme CAD, and delayed regulation, through transcriptional enhancement of the pentose phosphate pathway which produces 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP), an allosteric activator of CAD at a later step in synthesis, this function is dependent on the mTORC1 complex. Regulates ribosome synthesis by activating RNA polymerase III-dependent transcription through phosphorylation and inhibition of MAF1 an RNA polymerase III-repressor. In parallel to protein synthesis, also regulates lipid synthesis through SREBF1/SREBP1 and LPIN1. To maintain energy homeostasis mTORC1 may also regulate mitochondrial biogenesis through regulation of PPARGC1A. mTORC1 also negatively regulates autophagy through phosphorylation of ULK1. Under nutrient sufficiency, phosphorylates ULK1 at 'Ser-758', disrupting the interaction with AMPK and preventing activation of ULK1. Also prevents autophagy through phosphorylation of the autophagy inhibitor DAP. mTORC1 exerts a feedback control on upstream growth factor signaling that includes phosphorylation and activation of GRB10 a INSR-dependent signaling suppressor. Among other potential targets mTORC1 may phosphorylate CLIP1 and regulate microtubules. As part of the mTORC2 complex MTOR may regulate other cellular processes including survival and organization of the cytoskeleton. Plays a critical role in the phosphorylation at 'Ser-473' of AKT1, a pro-survival effector of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, facilitating its activation by PDK1. mTORC2 may regulate the actin cytoskeleton, through phosphorylation of PRKCA, PXN and activation of the Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors RHOA and RAC1A or RAC1B. mTORC2 also regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422'
Pathway	ErbB signaling pathway HIF-1 signaling pathway Jak-STAT signaling pathway mTOR signaling pathway PI3K-Akt signaling pathway Autophagy Cellular senescence Th17 cell differentiation Adipocytokine signaling pathway AMPK signaling Apelin signaling pathway Insulin signaling pathway Oxidative Phosphorylation Phospholipase D signaling pathway
Protein Families	PI3/PI4-kinase family
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in numerous tissues, with highest levels in testis.
Weight	289kDa

Buffer	Supplied at 1.0mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Form	Supplied at 1.0mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Format	liquid
Purification	Antibodies were produced by immunizing rabbits with synthetic peptide and KLH conjugates. Antibodies were purified by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific peptide.
Purity	Antibodies were produced by immunizing rabbits with synthetic peptide and KLH conjugates. Antibodies were purified by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific peptide.
Storage	Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.

Applications

ELISA, IHC

Description

ELISA ; IHC, IHC ; ELISA

Dilution

IHC	1:50-1:100

Tested Application

ELISA,IHC;IHC:1:50-1:100

Datasheet
ELISA Protocol
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol

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SKU	Supplier No.	Size	Your price	Quantity
BHA10557504	CSB-PA054657	100ul	$297		Add to Cart

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