The membrane-associated protein encoded by TAP1 is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). Antigen peptide transporter 1 is a member of the MDR/TAP subfamily. Members of the MDR/TAP subfamily are involved in multidrug resistance. Antigen peptide transporter 1 is involved in the pumping of degraded cytosolic peptides across the endoplasmic reticulum into the membrane-bound compartment where class I molecules assemble. Mutations in TAP1 may be associated with ankylosing spondylitis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and celiac disease. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for TAP1.
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