Adenosine deaminase is an enzyme (EC 3.5.4.4) involved in purine metabolism. It is needed for the breakdown of adenosine from food and for the turnover of nucleic acids in tissues.Plays an important role in purine metabolism and in adenosine homeostasis. Modulates signaling by extracellular adenosine, and so contributes indirectly to cellular signaling events. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4. Its interaction with DPP4 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion.
ADA exists in both small form (as a monomer) and large form (as a dimer-complex). In the monomer form, the enzyme is a polypeptide chain, folded into eight strands of parallel alpha/beta barrels, which surround a central deep pocket...
Adenosine deaminase is an enzyme (EC 3.5.4.4) involved in purine metabolism. It is needed for the breakdown of adenosine from food and for the turnover of nucleic acids in tissues.Plays an important role in purine metabolism and in adenosine homeostasis. Modulates signaling by extracellular adenosine, and so contributes indirectly to cellular signaling events. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4. Its interaction with DPP4 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion.
ADA exists in both small form (as a monomer) and large form (as a dimer-complex). In the monomer form, the enzyme is a polypeptide chain, folded into eight strands of parallel alpha/beta barrels, which surround a central deep pocket that is the active site. In addition to the eight central beta-barrels and eight peripheral alpha-helices, ADA also contains five additional helices: residues 19-76 fold into three helices, located between beta1 and alpha1 folds; and two antiparallel carboxy-terminal helices are located across the amino-terminal of the beta-barrel.
Its primary function in humans is the development and maintenance of the immune system. However, the full physiological role of ADA is not yet completely understood.
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