Stratifin, was shown to be diffusely distributed in the cytoplasm and was present in cultured epithelial cells. It was most abundant in tissues enriched in stratified keratinizing epithelium.The induction of 14-3-3-sigma is mediated by a p53 -responsive element located 1.8 kb upstream of its transcription start site. Exogenous introduction of 14-3-3-sigma into cycling cells results in a G2 arrest. After DNA damage, these cells initially arrested in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, but unlike cells containing 14-3-3-sigma, the 14-3-3-sigma -/- cells were unable to maintain cell cycle arrest. The 14-3-3-sigma -/- cells died (mitotic catastrophe) as they entered mitosis. This process was associated with a failure of the 14-3-3-sigma-deficient cells to sequester the proteins that initiate mitosis and prevent them from entering the nucleus.
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