Protease contamination even in a trace amount can degrade proteins or peptides during purification, storage or crystallization. Protein or peptide drugs should be protease-free. Proteases are also important drug targets. The Ultra-sensitive High-throughput Protease Assay Kit is useful to detect protease contamination of various protein preparations and to screen protease inhibitors in a 96-well or 384-weel plate assay format. The assay is based on the principle that digestion of the fluorescence-labeled protein substrate results in dramatic increase of the fluorescence signal. The sensitivity of the assay of trypsin, chymotrypsin and proteinase K is below 5 ng/ml or 0.2 ng per assay well for the standard 384-well plate assay.
The Ultra-sensitive High-throughput Protease Assay Kit (Catalog number UPA1000) includes the 5 ml of 10 x assay buffer and 50 ul of 1000 x substrate for 1000 assays of proteases in a 384-well plate format.
Assay Protocol
1. Reagent preparation
Thaw the 1000 x protease substrate from the frozen stock. Mix the stock solution well by shaking or vortex. Dilute the 1000 x protease substrate 100-fold with water to make the 10 x protease substrate.
2. Assay
In a standard black 384-well plate (Corning plate 3571, for example), mix 5 µl of 10 x buffer, 40 µl of the protein sample and 5 µl of 10 x protease substrate. Incubate the reaction mixture at 37°C for 2 hours. Measure the fluorescence intensity at 535 nm (excitation at 485 nm).
Note: It is a continuous assay. The fluorescence signal can be measured at different time points. A longer incubation including overnight or days allows to detect a lower concentration of protease.
Assay Protocol for enzyme inhibition
Enzyme inhibition IC50 can be measured using the 384-well or 96-well plate assay format. Typically 50 x stock solutions with a 2-fold serial dilution in water or DMSO are prepared. For 96-well plate assays, 4 µl of the 50 x inhibitor is mixed with 176 µl of the assay reaction mixture composed of the buffer and enzyme for 5 min. Then 20 µl of 10 x substrate is added. At the end of the reaction, the fluorescence intensity is measured.
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