Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a critical role in initiating innate immune response against foreign pathogens. Involved in Toll-like receptor (TLR) and IL-1R signaling pathways. Is rapidly recruited by MYD88 to the receptor-signaling complex upon TLR activation. Association with MYD88 leads to IRAK1 phosphorylation by IRAK4 and subsequent autophosphorylation and kinase activation. Phosphorylates E3 ubiquitin ligases Pellino proteins (PELI1, PELI2 and PELI3) to promote pellino-mediated polyubiquitination of IRAK1. Then, the ubiquitin-binding domain of IKBKG/NEMO binds to polyubiquitinated IRAK1 bringing together the IRAK1-TAK1/NR2C2-TRAF6 complex and the NEMO-IKKA-IKKB complex. In turn, TAK1/NR2C2 activates IKKs (CHUK/IKKA and IKBKB/IKKB) leading to NF-kappa-B nuclear translocation and activation. Alternatively, phosphorylates TIRAP to promote its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Phosphorylates the interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) to induce its activation and translocation to the nucleus, resulting in transcriptional activation of type I IFN genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state. When sumoylated, translocates to the nucleus and phosphorylates STAT3.
Specificity
Natural and recombinant Human Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1
Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm Nucleus Translocates to the nucleus when sumoylated.
Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with TOLLIP; this interaction occurs in the cytosol prior to receptor activation. Interacts with MYD88; this interaction recruits IRAK1 to the stimulated receptor complex. Interacts with IL1RL1. Interacts with IRAK1BP1 (By similarity). Associates with TRAF6, PELI1 and IRAK4; this complex recruits TAK1/NR2C2, TAB1 and TAB2 to mediate NF-kappa-B activation. Interacts (when polyubiquitinated) with IKBKG/NEMO.