The activated kinase acts on a variety of targets. Likely to be the GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Activated by CDC42 and RAC1. Involved in dissolution of stress fibers and reorganization of focal complexes. Involved in regulation of microtubule biogenesis through phosphorylation of TBCB. Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Parsons M, et al. (2005) Mol Cell Biol 25:1680-1695. Jung JH, et al. (2005) J Biol Chem; 280:40025-40031. Lampugnani MG, et al. (2002) Mol Biol Cell 13: 1175-1189 Wang RA, et al. (2002) EMBO J; 21: 5437 - 5447.
Host
Rabbit
Immunogen
Peptide sequence around phosphorylation site of threonine 423 /402/421 (R-S-T(p)-M-V) derived from Human PAK1/PAK2/PAK3.
Raised In
Rabbit
Reactivity
Human, Mouse, Rat
Regulatory
RUO
Relevance
The activated kinase acts on a variety of targets. Likely to be the GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Activated by CDC42 and RAC1. Involved in dissolution of stress fibers and reorganization of focal complexes. Involved in regulation of microtubule biogenesis through phosphorylation of TBCB. Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2.
Parsons M, et al. (2005) Mol Cell Biol ; 25:1680-1695. Jung JH, et al. (2005) J Biol Chem; 280:40025-40031. Lampugnani MG, et al. (2002) Mol Biol Cell ; 13: 1175-1189 Wang RA, et al. (2002) EMBO J; 21: 5437 - 5447.
Species
Homo Sapiens (Human)
Specificity
The Antibody detects endogenous level of PAK1/PAK2/PAK3 only when phosphorylated at threonine 423/402/421.
Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in
Protein kinase superfamily, STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family, STE20 subfamily
Tissue Specificity
Overexpressed in gastric cancer cells and tissues (at protein level) (PubMed:25766321).
Buffer
Supplied at 1.0mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Form
Supplied at 1.0mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Format
liquid
Purification
Antibodies were produced by immunizing rabbits with synthetic phosphopeptide and KLH conjugates. Antibodies were purified by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific phosphopeptide. Non-phospho specific antibodies were removed by chromatogramphy usi
Purity
Antibodies were produced by immunizing rabbits with synthetic phosphopeptide and KLH conjugates. Antibodies were purified by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific phosphopeptide. Non-phospho specific antibodies were removed by chromatogramphy using non-phosphopeptide.
Storage
Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Applications
ELISA, IHC, IF
Description
ELISA ; IHC ; IF, IF ; ELISA ; IHC
Dilution
IHC
1:50-1:100
IF
1:100-1:200
Tested Application
ELISA,IHC,IF;IHC:1:50-1:100,IF:1:100-1:200
Datasheet
ELISA Protocol
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Protocol
Immunofluorescence (IF) Protocol
Reviews of Phospho-PAK1/PAK2/PAK3 (Thr423/Thr402/Thr421) Antibody